1946 — An international tribunal holds a war-crimes trial in Nuremberg, Germany. Twenty-two Nazis are convicted of crimes against peace, humanity and the laws of war, and 12 are sentenced to death.

• Charles De Gaulle resigns as French president and is succeeded by Georges Bidault.
• Women win the right to vote in Italy.
• Benjamin Spock publishes “The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care.”
• The first all-electronic computer is designed by John William Mauchly. The computer, called the ENIAC, weighs 30 tons.